A school's pass rate rose from 40 percent in 2023 to 50 percent in 2024. Which statement describes the change correctly?

The gap between two percentages is measured in percentage POINTS: 50 − 40 = 10 percentage points. As a relative change it is (10 ÷ 40) × 100 = 25 percent of the old rate. Saying the rate 'rose by 10 percent' would mean a rise to 44 percent, a very different claim; and using the new rate 50 as the base gives 20 percent, but a change is always measured against the value it started from.