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A caretaker carries 5 similar-looking keys, exactly one of which opens the store room. He tries them one at a time at random and never tries the same key twice. What is the probability that the store room opens on his third try?

Competition practiceProbability & Permutation
  • A3/5
  • B1/3
  • C1/5
  • D16/125

Step-by-Step Solution

For the third try to be the winning one, the first two must both fail and the third must succeed: . There is a shorter way to see it — the right key is equally likely to sit in any of the 5 positions of the trying order, so each position carries probability 1/5. Trap 3/5 answers 'within the first three tries', which is 3 of those 5 positions. Trap 1/3 treats the third try as a fresh 1-in-3 pick and forgets that the first two must have failed for the third try to happen at all. Trap is the answer only if a failed key were dropped back into the bunch and could be tried again.
Answer: C) 1/5

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