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The number 57 goes into each of the four machines. Which two machines give back exactly 57?

Class 6Whole NumbersWhole Numbers
  • AA and D
  • BA and B
  • CC and D
  • DB and C

Step-by-Step Solution

A: . B: . C: . D: . So A and D. 0 is the identity for addition and 1 is the identity for multiplication.
Answer: A) A and D

Key idea: Closure: when an operation 'stays inside' the whole numbers

Adding two whole numbers always gives a whole number — addition is **closed** on whole numbers. Multiplying two whole numbers always gives a whole number — multiplication is **closed** too. But subtraction is **not** closed: 5 − 7 = −2, which is not a whole number. Division is also not closed: 7 ÷ 2 = 3.5, not a whole number. Closure is the property that lets us trust an operation never to take us 'outside' the world of whole numbers.

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