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A bookshop in Ranchi sold a school atlas for ₹528 and made a profit of 20% on what it had paid. What did the atlas cost the shop?

Class 8Comparing QuantitiesComparing Quantities
  • A₹440
  • B₹422.40
  • C₹633.60
  • D₹508

Step-by-Step Solution

SP = CP × 1.20, so CP = . Check: 440 + 20% of 440 = 440 + 88 = 528. Trap: taking 20% off the SELLING price gives ₹422.40 — the 20% belongs to the cost price, which is the smaller base. ₹633.60 adds 20% a second time and ₹508 knocks off a flat ₹20.
Answer: A) ₹440

Key idea: Discount

A discount is a reduction off the **marked price** (MP), not the cost price. The selling price (SP) is what the customer actually pays.

**SP = MP − Discount**
**Discount % = (Discount / MP) × 100**

Example: shirt MP ₹800, discount 25%. Discount amount = 25% of 800 = 200. SP = 800 − 200 = 600.

Note: discount % is calculated on MP. Profit/loss % (Class 7) is on CP. Don't mix them up.

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