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A leather workshop in Kanpur used 250 litres of water per hide and has brought it down to 180 litres. Find the percentage decrease.

Class 8Comparing QuantitiesComparing Quantities
  • A38.9%
  • B28%
  • C70%
  • D72%

Step-by-Step Solution

Decrease = 250 − 180 = 70 litres. Percentage decrease = %. Trap: percentage change is always measured on the ORIGINAL value — using 180 as the base gives 38.9%, and 72% is the share of water still being used.
Answer: B) 28%

Key idea: Discount

A discount is a reduction off the **marked price** (MP), not the cost price. The selling price (SP) is what the customer actually pays.

**SP = MP − Discount**
**Discount % = (Discount / MP) × 100**

Example: shirt MP ₹800, discount 25%. Discount amount = 25% of 800 = 200. SP = 800 − 200 = 600.

Note: discount % is calculated on MP. Profit/loss % (Class 7) is on CP. Don't mix them up.

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