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The nine letters of the word INSTITUTE are rearranged. In how many of the resulting letter-strings do the three T's stand together as one unbroken block?

Competition practiceProbability & Permutation
  • A2520
  • B15120
  • C5040
  • D30240

Step-by-Step Solution

INSTITUTE has 9 letters: T three times, I twice, and N, S, U, E once each. Glue the three T's into a single block. The units to arrange are then [TTT], I, N, S, I, U and E — seven units in which I repeats, so 7!/2! = 5040/2 = 2520. Trap ! shuffles the three T's inside the block, but they are identical, so swapping them produces nothing new. Trap 5040 = 7! forgets that the letter I appears twice among those seven units. Trap 30240 = 9!/(3! × 2!) is the unrestricted total with no block at all.
Answer: A) 2520

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