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Consider these four claims taken together: P ≥ Q, Q > R, R ≥ S, and S > P. Which statement about them is correct?

Competition practiceInequalities
  • AThey are consistent, for example when P = Q = R = S
  • BThey are consistent only if all four variables are equal
  • CThey are contradictory: composing them gives P > P, which is impossible
  • DThey are contradictory only if P ≥ Q is replaced by P > Q

Step-by-Step Solution

The four claims form a closed loop, so compose them right round: P ≥ Q, Q > R, R ≥ S, S > P give P ≥ Q > R ≥ S > P. Every link points the same way and two of them are strict, so the composite is strict and reads P > P, which no value satisfies. The claims cannot all hold. 'Consistent, for example when P = Q = R = S' fails immediately on the second claim, since Q > R is false when Q = R. 'Consistent only if all four variables are equal' describes what a loop of purely non-strict links would force, but this loop contains two strict links. 'Contradictory only if P ≥ Q is replaced by P > Q' gets it backwards: strengthening that link is unnecessary, because Q > R and S > P already make the loop strict.
Answer: C) They are contradictory: composing them gives P > P, which is impossible

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