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Every relation in the line below holds at the same time.
Statement: K ≤ L < M = N ≥ P
Conclusions: I. K < P
II. M ≥ P
Which conclusion follows?

Competition practiceInequalities
  • AOnly II follows
  • BOnly I follows
  • CBoth I and II follow
  • DNeither I nor II follows

Step-by-Step Solution

For II, M = N and N ≥ P compose to M ≥ P, so II follows. For I, the run from K climbs to M (K ≤ L < M gives K < M) but at N the sense reverses, since N ≥ P puts P below N rather than above it. K and P are therefore both under M with no link between them: K = 1, M = N = 9, P = 8 makes I true, while K = 7, L = 8, M = N = 9, P = 2 satisfies every statement and makes I false. So only II follows. 'Both' is what a solver gets by reading the line as one rising run and never noticing the reversal at N. 'Neither' comes from treating the equality M = N as a break in the chain, which would also strand II.
Answer: A) Only II follows

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