- Adoes not state how many goods vehicles use the ring road in the course of a day
- Bsets a total gain against a total loss without asking on whom each falls — the whole of the loss lands on the carriers and on those waiting for their loads, not one of whom shares in the saving, and a change may be worth its cost in the aggregate and still be unjust to the party made to pay it
- Ctreats the hours saved by car riders and the hours lost by goods vehicles as though both could properly be counted in hours
- Ddoes not state which authority is competent to bar vehicles from the ring road
Step-by-Step Solution
The wing's sum is a sum over the whole city, and a sum over the whole city hides the fact that the two columns belong to two different sets of people. The riders gain sixteen hours of clear road and give up nothing; the carriers surrender their working day and gain nothing, and no part of the riders' saving is ever handed across to them. That distribution is a fact about the scheme which the wing's arithmetic is built to conceal, and it is what a body deciding the question would most need to see. The number of goods vehicles would sharpen the sum without changing whose sum it is. The third option is a false complaint, since hours are hours on both sides of the reckoning and that is what makes the wing's total possible at all. And which authority may issue the bar is a question of power, not of the argument's soundness.
Answer: B) sets a total gain against a total loss without asking on whom each falls — the whole of the loss lands on the carriers and on those waiting for their loads, not one of whom shares in the saving, and a change may be worth its cost in the aggregate and still be unjust to the party made to pay it