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A hostel warden argues: 'Replacing the water heater with one of twice its size will put an end to the morning shortage of hot water, since at present the hot water runs out before the last residents have bathed.' Which of the following, if it turned out to be FALSE, would most damage the warden's argument?

Competition practiceLogical / Critical
  • AThe larger heater can be paid for out of this year's hostel fund
  • BThe hostel houses about as many residents this year as it housed last year
  • CThe present heater has been in use for six years
  • DThe morning shortage arises because the heater's tank is emptied, and not because the pipe feeding the heater delivers water too slowly to fill a tank of any size before the morning

Step-by-Step Solution

A bigger tank helps only where the tank is what runs short. If the feed pipe cannot deliver enough water overnight to fill even the present tank, a larger one will stand half empty each morning and the shortage will be exactly as it was. Funding, an unchanged number of residents and the age of the present heater could all be false without touching the reasoning.
Answer: D) The morning shortage arises because the heater's tank is emptied, and not because the pipe feeding the heater delivers water too slowly to fill a tank of any size before the morning

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