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A tender committee argues: 'The award of the contract was fair, because every step laid down in the rule book was followed. And if a thing is fair, nobody has any ground to complain of it. So nobody has any ground to complain of the award.' Which of the following best describes the shift of meaning in this reasoning?

Competition practiceLogical / Critical
  • A'Contract' first means the written agreement and later means the work carried out under it
  • B'Complain' first means to object formally and later means merely to grumble
  • C'Fair' first means arrived at by the laid-down procedure and later means giving each party what it deserves
  • D'Rule book' first means the printed rules and later means the committee that applies them

Step-by-Step Solution

Following every step of a procedure earns the word 'fair' only in the procedural sense; a rule book can itself be written so as to favour one bidder. The second sentence needs the richer sense of an outcome nobody could justly object to, and the argument slides silently from the one to the other. The other options name words that keep a single sense across the three sentences.
Answer: C) 'Fair' first means arrived at by the laid-down procedure and later means giving each party what it deserves

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