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Because of track repairs a passenger train covering 180 km averaged 9 km/h less than its usual speed and reached its destination 1 hour late. Find its usual average speed.

Class 10Quadratic EquationsAlgebra — Quadratics
  • A54 km/h
  • B36 km/h
  • C45 km/h
  • D−36 km/h

Step-by-Step Solution

Let the usual speed be km/h. The slowed speed is , and the slower journey takes 1 hour more: → → → , so or −36. Speed is positive, so 45 km/h (180/45 = 4 h versus 180/36 = 5 h). Answer 36 km/h is the REDUCED speed; −36 km/h keeps the rejected root; 54 adds 9 instead of subtracting.
Answer: C) 45 km/h

Key idea: Word problems with quadratics

Many real-world problems lead to quadratics:

**Number problems**: 'Find two consecutive integers whose product is 132.' Let ; → → or −12. Both valid (or pick positive).

**Area problems**: 'A garden's length is 5 m more than its width. Area is . Find dimensions.'
Let width = . Length = → → (rejecting negative).

**Speed/time/distance**: 'A train takes 1 hour less if its speed is increased by 10 km/h. Original speed?' → typical setup: time1 − time2 = 1 → distance/speed equations → quadratic in speed.

**Always**: reject negative or extraneous roots if context demands positive (lengths, ages, speeds).

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