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Consider this argument: 'A candidate can be considered for the post only if she has three years of field experience. Nandini does not have three years of field experience. So Nandini cannot be considered for the post.' Which of the following reasons in the same way?

Competition practiceLogical / Critical
  • AA film can win the festival's top award only if it was completed within the past two years. This film was completed four years ago, so it cannot win the top award.
  • BA film completed within the past two years is certain to be entered for the festival's top award. This film was completed last year, so it will be entered.
  • COnly members may borrow equipment from the store. Farid has borrowed equipment from the store, so Farid is a member.
  • DEveryone who reaches the final has cleared two rounds. Bela has cleared two rounds, so Bela has reached the final.

Step-by-Step Solution

The original states a requirement that must be met, notes that it is not met, and rules the candidate out. The film argument states the same kind of requirement, notes that it is not met, and rules the film out. The second option reads the requirement as a guarantee, the third argues validly but the other way round, from the act back to the requirement, and the fourth mistakes a requirement for a guarantee.
Answer: A) A film can win the festival's top award only if it was completed within the past two years. This film was completed four years ago, so it cannot win the top award.

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