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The owner of a printing press argues: 'Orders are waiting that we cannot take on. A night shift would raise what we print in a day by a third, so it is bound to leave the press better off at the end of the year.' Which of the following identifies the principal weakness in the owner's reasoning?

Competition practiceLogical / Critical
  • AIt assumes that buyers can be found for the extra printing
  • BIt assumes that the press has been in business long enough to judge its trade
  • CIt draws a conclusion about a whole year from what happened in a single week
  • DIt treats a rise in what is printed as though it were a rise in what is earned, never setting against it what the extra printing costs — the higher wage a night hand draws and the power burnt through the night

Step-by-Step Solution

The owner moves straight from more sheets to more money, but a shift that costs more to run than it brings in leaves the press worse off however busy it looks. Only the gain is counted. The first option names a gap the owner has already closed with his opening sentence, since orders are waiting; how long the press has traded is no part of the reasoning; and no week's figures are quoted at all.
Answer: D) It treats a rise in what is printed as though it were a rise in what is earned, never setting against it what the extra printing costs — the higher wage a night hand draws and the power burnt through the night

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